We blasted mobile homes with hurricane-force winds to test how they fail – and found clues for making affordable housing safer

5 days ago by supersquirrel to c/technology

Engineers are using a unique test facility called the Wall of Wind to develop housing that’s both affordable and disaster-resistant. Their tests show the magnitude of the challenge.

It’s 9:15 in the morning. The wind is roaring at 110 miles per hour (177 kph); the sound is deafening. Dust swirls through the air. We are watching a single-wide manufactured home rock back and forth, as it is pounded by turbulent wind.

Then, in an instant, the screws shear off and the entire unit tumbles backward, rolling two full revolutions before it stops.

In any other situation, this would be terrifying. But here, we are conducting a first-of-its-kind experiment at Florida International University’s Wall of Wind, a test facility that can reproduce wind speeds the equivalent of a Category 5 hurricane.

JustPlainDave 16 points 5 days ago

My wife and I were window shopping for mobile homes recently and they are not affordable. The smallest, cheapest one was $49,999 and it was a one-bedroom 20x36 unit.

In 2000 my parents bought their three-bedroom 2 bath 40×60 for like 6k less.

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supersquirrel 11 points 5 days ago

Home of the Free Homeless

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CandyMountainCharlie 4 points 5 days ago

That money + land = basically a stand alone house. Idk how people are expected to pay for that

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SaveTheTuaHawk 1 point 4 days ago

2000 was 26 years ago.

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JustPlainDave 2 points 4 days ago

And inflation is like 200% because twice the house was worth the same amount of money.

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Amuro_eat 15 points 5 days ago

The poors will just have to deal with it until they figure it out, can’t be giving out real homes to them that are vastly safer, just manufactured death boxes.

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TropicalDingdong 4 points 5 days ago

I was going to guess this was south carolina. but it sounds like florida built a bigger one.

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Maeve 0 points 5 days ago

They're both awful.

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TropicalDingdong 3 points 5 days ago

yeah I've just worked with the team in SC, so when these stories pop up, I'm quick to assume its IBHS.

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Maeve 2 points 5 days ago

I had to look that up. I'll read about it later, thank you.

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erebion 3 points 5 days ago

Just build houses of stone. Europe even has got some that are 1000 years old.

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rockSlayer 14 points 5 days ago

The paper houses we love making already cost far more than 70% of the country can afford

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erebion 1 point 5 days ago

You mean than the people can afford? Just build apartment complexes and subsidise them, social housing. Helps fight poverty as well. Combine that supernarkets nearby and job opportunities that can be accessed on a short walk.

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rockSlayer 5 points 5 days ago

I agree. I'm working on a bill proposal to my state for subsidized housing, including a design blueprint for the apartment complex. It also provides amenities onsite like a food garden, gym, library, and pools. I have a plan to get tenant unions, labor unions, and housing advocates onboard, but it will be a hell of a fight, especially in the current US

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erebion 1 point 4 days ago

Sure, it'll be hard. But still. It's being made hard to stop sensible politics from winning, itʼs just the idiocy trying to keep others from doing something good, to do something nice for the world and other people. And that must never win.

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LilB0kChoy 6 points 5 days ago

Just build houses of stone

The US did build houses out of stone, where it made sense. Many places don’t have easy access to stone for building, however 1/3 of the country is forested. Wood is available, economical and suitable for building single family homes in much of the country.

Europe even has got some that are 1000 years old.

And the US has Fairbanks House which is older than the country itself.

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Warl0k3 4 points 5 days ago

While material availability is an aspect, the big factor for most of the country is that stone houses fall down in earthquakes and are very sensitive to soil erosion, floods, etc. We build stone/concrete/brick houses all over the country, but generally not where they'll be a hazard to live in.

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LilB0kChoy 1 point 4 days ago

the big factor for most of the country is that stone houses fall down in earthquakes and are very sensitive to soil erosion, floods, etc.

I think you’re overstating it a bit. Those are considerations for a very small portion of the country, and in fact changes in building code to be less strict on materials made brick/stone no longer a requirement.

It’s primarily material availability. Milwaukee is a great example of the early availability of brick and its prevalence in construction until availability and cost, among other factors, drove the change to wood frame construction.

The east cost cities are good examples too. Boston, Philadelphia, New York all have a lot of brick due to the brickworks and availability but the farther west you go the less you see. This is, in a large part, because it’s expensive to transport brick/stone, especially when there’s an abundance of building material to harvest and use in the form of wood.

I would agree in modern times though it’s largely cost and climate that drive building material in the US and wood is not only suitable and cheaper, it’s also more flexible to build with.

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SaveTheTuaHawk 3 points 4 days ago

Wood frames are also easier to insulate. Even brick houses made last 100 years are brick veneer, the brick offers no strength.

Solid stone houses are damp and cold, fine for European climates, but when you go into Scandinavia, wood makes more sense.

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Warl0k3 1 point 4 days ago

I appreciate that's literally the first site that comes up when you DDG "why are us houses made of wood" but it's credibility is... lacking (and I'll confess, I'm quite content having an answer that differs from the one given on an AI generated slop site.)

Anyways: I can't exactly agree with the idea that the entire US west coast is a "very small portion" of the country (being the 5 pacific states alone account for ~1/7 the population and ~1/5 the land mass, and the geologic "hot zone" that's relevant here extends much further east than those 5 alone). I recommend reading ASCE-7's section on seismic design (IEBC codes are much easier to obtain, but unfortunately also much less helpful) if you ever are having problems falling asleep / for further specific information about this topic and the performance of unreinforced and seismic retrofitted unreinforced masonry vs. wood construction in an earthquake. The prevalence of unreinforced masonry buildings in the east coast vs. west is without a doubt in no small part down to the availability of materials, but as is usual, treating the US as homogeneous is generally a recipe for unhelpful statistics. To illustrate some of the historical reasons as to why there are differences in building materials between the western and eastern US:

This image (source) is a charting of every 4.0+ earthquake in the lower 48 (4.0 being the general threshold at which seismically unreinforced (old) masonry buildings begin to sustain damage) for the past 125 years. You may be able to notice the little section labeled "Milwaukee" that is completely devoid of any big gray circle - I suggest that just perhaps this is a factor in the initial adoption and subsequent length of popularity of brick construction in that region, which from what I am reading appears to have continued a full 50-60 years after similar construction went out of popularity (or was outright not permitted) on the west coast. Certainly the availability of timber over brick in the regions was an important factor, but there the motivation for moving away from brick and stone was much more of an economic one, as there were few more complex motivating factors (like "the ground is trying to kill me" (instead the air frequently tries to kill you - an event that brick and stone are far more useful in combating)). There was ample unreinforced masonry construction in the west in the 1800s - 1900s, but for some unknowable reason there are very few examples of that construction remaining in the modern era...

I'm not saying economic pressures aren't a factor, but "will the building will fall down and smoosh me" (or sink into the swamp, or have it's foundation eroded away, or...) is similarly critical factor to consider.

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ikidd 0 points 4 days ago

Stone, famous for it's thermal isolation properties and energy efficiency.

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ikidd 2 points 4 days ago

They just need to put them in a field here in the fall. I've seen the wind blow down cinder-block silos.

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