I believe so. They do not mention a change in model architecture which reduce the compute for these byte-level models. So it would be expected that compute costs of token generation increase proportionally with the average increase of tokens with respect to current subword tokenization. I have just read the paper here and they seem to combat the increase compute cost with their efficent self-attention method, I do not see a mention of this here, so I only assume that the internal model architecture remains the same, and thus it is expected that the larger context length and time to generate a token will be the main issues.